How to measure noise pollution

Executive Summary

Noise and pollution, and man was created noise harmful to health or welfare. Transport vehicles are the worst offenders, with aircraft, rail, trucks, buses, cars and motorcycles for producing excessive noise. Construction equipment, for example, breaker and bulldozers, also produce substantial noise pollution.

Noise intensity is measured in units of dB. Logarithmic scale is dB, every increase of 10 dB represents a tenfold increase in the intensity of noise. Human perception of size is also consistent with a logarithmic scale, an increase of 10 dB is seen as almost double the size of the volume. Thus, 30 dB is 10 times more intense than 20 decibels and sounds loud and twice, 40 dB is 100 times more intense than 20 and sounds 4 times louder, 80 decibels is 1 million times more intense than 20 and sounds 64 times stronger. Distance reduces the level of decibels effective up to the ear. Therefore, the moderate movement of vehicles at a distance of 100 feet (30 m) rates about 50 decibels. To the driver with an open window or pedestrians on the sidewalk, and the rates of movement itself about 70 dB, that is, it sounds louder than 4 times. At a distance of 2000 feet (600 m), and the noise of aircraft taking off up to about 110 decibels, about the same century, the car only 3 feet (1 m) away.

Introduction

Noise pollution is a leak sound is unwanted, uncontrollable and unpredictable, and not necessarily strong in the lives of people of reasonable sensitivity. Using the “reasonable person” standard eliminates the idea that the sentence is subjective and unwanted sound. The sound can be returned unwanted noise or return to the Old Testament, and the stories of loud music, barking dogs, as well as the Romanian city where the old residents complained about noisy vehicles delivered in the cobbled streets around them. Has made the industrial revolution, and the growth of cities, the demand for transport in the world, even louder. With the modern world depends so enchanted with noise and noise technology for aircraft produced cars, helicopters, motorcycles, snowmobiles, jet skis, blowers and paper, amplified music, and bass-driven stereo systems, cars surrounding noise level to accelerate quickly. This increase in noise led to the research examines the impact of noise on the lives and activities of persons reasonable. The result was a set of evidence strongly suggests that noise is hazardous to good health, mental and physical health.

Voices should not be so strong can not be considered interference, for example, drip of the faucet, President of the jet, or stereo late at night, a neighbor. Annoying noise, especially at night when you try to sleep, and sleeping well is essential for good health. Can exposure to noise over time be stressful, causing adverse health effects such as high blood pressure. Although there is a need for more research to strengthen the link noise and health, there is agreement that reduces the noise quality of life. Noise can be particularly harmful for children. Research shows that houses noisy slow cognitive development and language in young children. In addition, children who live and learn in a school near noisy roads, railways and airports and low scores in reading, and some children who live or go to school near the main airport and had high blood pressure.

How to measure noise?

Noise is measured in decibels, dB. And called on the tool used to measure the sound level. It is designed to respond equally to the human ear, and give an objective assessment of sound pressure level.

Even if the noise is a major environmental problem, it is often difficult to determine the associated costs. The report identified the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development in the social costs of road transport four categories of the impact of noise from transport;

• Low real estate values
• Loss of mental
• health care costs for the treatment of loss of sleep, hearing problems or stress
• loss of productivity due to poor concentration, communication difficulties or fatigue due to inadequate rest

Causes:-

Causes of noise pollution

• traffic noise is the main source of noise pollution in urban areas. With the increasing number of vehicles on the road, and cause noise exhaust fumes from cars and trucks, buses and motorcycles is the main reason for the noise.
• The aircraft flying at low altitude above the height of national parks, wilderness areas and other areas of vacant, the greater the noise level significantly in these areas were not affected in the past.
• People living next to railway stations to put up with a lot of noise from locomotive engines, horns and whistles and switch management operating in the rail yards. This is the main source of noise pollution.
• to meet the needs of the basic necessities of life, and build highways, buildings and streets in the city is making a lot of noise. Breaker, compressors, bulldozers, loaders, dump trucks and paving breakers are the main sources of noise pollution at construction sites.
• Although not the main cause of industrial noise and adds noise. Machinery, engines and compressors used in the industries to create a lot of noise that is added to the negative hype already.
• plumbing, boilers, generators, air conditioners and fans create a lot of noise in buildings, in addition to noise conditions.
• equipment for the home, such as vacuum cleaners, blenders, and some noisy devices in the home. Although it does not cause a big problem, can not impact can not be ignored.

Effects:-

Hearing loss

Mechanism of hearing loss stems from the shock of the stereocilia of the cochlea, and the main structure of the inner ear fluid. Finland, together with the middle ear sound pressure levels increases by a factor of twenty, in the sound pressure level is very high up to the cochlea, sound alarms even moderate weather. The underlying disease to the cochlea is the reactive oxygen species, which play an important role in noise-induced necrosis and apoptosis of stereocilia. Exposure to high levels of noise have different effects in a certain number of the population, and the involvement of reactive oxygen species suggests possible ways to treat or prevent hearing damage and cellular structures associated with them.

The effects of the heart and blood vessels

Noise associated with significant health problems, heart and blood vessels. In 1999, the World Health Organization has concluded that available evidence suggested a weak association between long-term exposure to noise above 67-70 dB (A) and high blood pressure. It was suggested that more recent studies show that the noise levels of 50 dB (A) at night may also increase the risk of myocardial infarction with the production of cortical is chronically elevated.

Stress

Conduct research on the rocky road of isolation of the United Kingdom manufacturer, and reveals in the UK in third place (33%) of victims of civil unrest, noisy parties are required to have prevented them from sleeping or stressed over the past two years. Almost one in ten (9%) of those affected by civil unrest, which claims to be left constantly disturbed and stressed. More than 1.8 million people, have made their lives hell, noisy neighbors and can not enjoy their home. The impact of noise on health may be a serious problem in all parts of the UK for more than 17.5 million Britons (38%) were troubled by the residents of nearby properties in the past two years. For a period of approximately ten (7%), British, and this is normal

Conclusion

Noise quiet because of the death and the concern of the community did not create much on the impact of noise on workers alike can not be relied upon in the industries, in particular, and the public in the community as a universal. Noise is of significant environmental pollutants contaminate our air, water and soil.

It has the ability to destroy the bridges and the development of cracks in buildings. Can also cause skin noise and mental illness. It explained that the noise is a technology created the problem and all the noise is doubling every 10 years in the hand in hand with social progress and industry.

Influenced to a large extent because of environmental pollution of noise, with the sunrise every day. Noise pollution in different parts of the increases in and around the city workplaces and homes. Noise levels peaked in the Twilight Zone when people are at work now, and traffic until it reaches during peak hours.