Use Of Computer In Agriculture Field Through Software Computer Science Essay

Computer is one of the electronic devices which have simplified the world by its usefulness to the people. Computer is used in various fields such as education, business organization, scientific research etc……

To do my first task I have choose the use of computer in Agricultural Field, Medical field and Business.

01.1 Use of computer in agriculture field

As a modern electronic device computer has not only have made changes in modern occupation but it has also have made changes in traditional occupation sector like Agriculture.

Computer help Agriculture through Computer software, computer internet etc…

01.1.1Use of computer in agriculture field through software/application

Through computer application animal are individually track so, no mistakes will be take place but if it is done by a person sometimes mistakenly error can be happen .Information such as health of the animal, milk production, reproductive information. These types of information are known as herd recording. This herd recording are stored in computer.

01.1.2Computer usefulness in agriculture field through internet

Through forum and social networking site farmers can get connect with other experts and exchange their views and other details .Farmers can get a lot of information on variety of agriculture topics by surfing .Farmers can get connect foreign customer which can help to improve their product and increase their production capacity .Farmer can get information regarding price, weather, temperature etc…..

01.1.3Other uses of computer to agriculture field

Keeping financial record, Production record, online banking, Buy required resources through internet etc…The amount of water sprinkled in a balanced quantity is also computerized.

The production capacity in farming and animal husbandry has increase due to use of computer in agriculture field .There are less losses due to work are monitored by computer.

By using computer in traditional field like agricultural field we can increase the productivity and minimize the error happen.

01.2 The use of computer in medical field

Computer plays a major role in medical field by helping doctors as an assistant to cure a people.

Computer are used to store details of patients such as Name, Age, Address, Date of admit etc…storing such a type of details in computer is more easier than writing in books or papers because books and papers can missed or lost and it is difficult to search immediately in an emergency time. Computer save time and make our work easier. This type of information system is known as Electronic Medical Record (EMR).Electronic Medical Reports and Electronic Health Report are connected all the branches of a certain hospital by the server. So in an emergency time it can be obtain from any branch of a particular hospital.

Example:-If a patient admitted in Colombo Asiri hospital the patient can obtain necessary document in an emergency time by Asiri hospital in Jaffna.

Computer are used in medical imaging as well

Ultrasound imaging

Magnetic response imaging(MRI)

Medical x-ray

To get an accuracy in above mention Imaging computer has been added to the medical equipment .Because of computers are connected to do above mention Imaging doctors can get a very good idea to do the rest of the work to cure a person.

Computers are also used in medical monitoring. Medical monitoring means observation of disease etc…

Types of monitoring,

Cardiac monitoring

Hemodynamic monitoring

Respiratory monitoring

Neurological monitoring

Computers are more helpful in receiving necessary details quickly, accurately and computers are also used in imaging and Monitoring .Due to this usefulness of computer in medical field people can be cured as much as possible.

01.3 USE OF COMPUTER IN BUSINESS

Before the use of computer in business many other type of equipment were used which is similar to the computer. The equipment such as type writer, Tele fax etc… Is used .But after the use of computer in business the work done by the type writer was replaced keyboard. During the use of type writer hard copy is taken by the time it self but in computer we can store the copy which we type using keyboard.

Sending letters, application etc… to various internal and external parties is done by computer through mail facility. Because of the use of mail time will be saved and response can be receive and given as soon as possible.

Use of computer in business through internet

A business organization can reach their customer without any intermediate personalities.

Example:-Business man reach customer without whole seller and retailer.

Reduce salesman and sales cost, because of this more profit can be gain.

New market can be reach by the business due to usage of internet.

Advertisement can be promoted through internet.

Online buying and selling can be done.

Income and expenditure is one of the most important parts in business. If accounting process is done by a person many errors can be done by him/her due to omission of entry, entering of amount wrongly, error during balancing etc… But due to use of computer the accuracy in accounting process is increased.

TASK 02

02 Computer input devices, output devices, software and other hardware for lion cab service

02.1 Hardware

The parts of computer that we can touch is knows as Hardware. Hardware are used to input and output data into the computer.

Keyboard These hardware’s are used to input data’s so, it is

Mouse known as input devices.

Scanner

Monitor These hardware’s are used to output data’s so, it is

Printer known as output devices.

Headset

Routers

Network switch

02.1.1 Keyboard

Keyboard is one of the primary input devices, which is used to type or enter data and information into the computer. Keyboard is also used to command for certain activity or works.

Using keyboard we can input alphabet, numbers, punctuation etc…. to the computer.

Keyboard is a device which is very similar to type writer.

Keyboard can be divided into two types by the way the keys are arranged in a keyboard.

Qwerty Keyboard

Dvorak Keyboard

In ENIAC computer punch card and In BINAC computer type writer are used instead of keyboard.

The type of keyboard which is very commonly used is QWERTY keyboard. QWERTY keyboard are very similar to type writer.

Keyboard is faster than pointing device to enter data or give command to the computer.

Some of the important keys,

Shift key

Caps lock key

Num lock key

Space key

If there is no keyboard there is an option to use keyboard as on-screen keyboard because keyboard is very important. But using on-screen keyboard is very slow while using because it is use by using a pointing device.

Keyboard is one of the important devices so, I recommend QWERTY type keyboard which is commonly used by users.

02.1.2 Mouse

Mouse is a primary input device. It is a kind of pointing devices.

There are three types of mouse,

Mechanical mouse

Optomechanical mouse

Optical mouse

The movement of mouse can be recognised by the cursor on the screen.

The use of mouse,

Drag and drop files.

Select items.

Opening files by double clicking on the icon.

Display command to do by right clicking on the icon.

02.1.2.1 Mechanical Mouse

Mechanical mouse has a ball under it .Due to the mechanical sensor while the ball or mouse moves the cursor in the screen move in the same way as the mouse move.

02.1.2.2 Opto mechanical mouse

Opto mechanical mouse is similar to mechanical mouse but instead of a ball an optical sensor is used to the motion of the cursor in the screen.

02.1.2.3 Optical mouse

Laser technology is used to notice the movement of the cursor in the screen.

Optical mouse Response much faster than mechanical and Opto mechanical mouse

Mouse is an important input device. So, i recommend optical type mouse to the lion cab service which is faster than other type of mouse.

02.1.3 Scanner

Scanner is an input device which is used to input text and other pictures into digital format.

The main use of the scanner is to process images.

There are two types of scanner,

Flatbed scanner(also known as reflective scanner)

Handheld scanner.

Using a scanner the amount of paper work can be minimized because of less paper document the office space also can be minimized.

By using a scanner we can access quickly in an emergency because papers are scanned and stored in computer. So, it is very easy and time saved.

02.1.3.1Flatbed scanner

Using a flatbed scanner we can scan large item such as books and pictures, also we can scan a piece of writing in a newspapers etc…another important use of flatbed scanner is we can scan three dimension objects.

02.1.3.2Handheld scanner

Handheld scanners are used in many shops to follow a formal and detailed list of goods.

Using handheld scanner we can scan small documents and pictures.

02.1.4 Monitor

Monitor is one of most important output device. This is used to display information and programme on the computer. There are different type of monitors which are improved overs years. Monitors such as Cathode ray tube (CRT), Liquid crystal display (LCD) and Light emitting diode (LCD).

Advantages of cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors

CRT monitors can display large variety of colour correctly was one of the important advantages of CRT monitors.

Disadvantages of cathode ray tube CRT) monitors

CRT heavier than LCD.

Consume more electricity power than LCD.

Light emitting diode monitors are introduce in 1970’s

Advantages of Light emitting diode (LCD) monitors

Low energy consumption

Smaller in size

Weight is lighter

Disadvantages of light emitting diode (LCD) monitors

Expensive than CRT

Colour accuracy is less than CRT

02.1.5 Printer

Printer is an output device. Using a printer the file or document in a computer can be taken as a paper or hard copy. The advantage of a printer is it gives more permanent output. The document or a paper can be taken as a printout in few minutes using a printer.

There are two groups of printers,

Impact printer

Non-impact printer

There are three types of impact and non-impact printers such as, daisy wheel printers, dot matrix, line printers, inkjet printers, laser printers and plotter.

Printer

Impact printer Non-impact printer

Daisy wheel line printer inkjet printer plotter

Dot matrix

Printer laser printer

02.1.5.1Laser printer

The advantages of laser printer

Laser printers are faster.

Quality is high even on normal.

02.1.5.2Ink jet printer

Colour quality in ink jet printer is high. Ink jet printer is not like laser printer which gives good quality even on normal paper because ink jet printers need special paper to get good colour quality.

02.1.5.3Dot matrix printer

Dot matrix printer is an impact group printer which is not use by most of the people. Dot matrix printers are used to print invoices.

Things to be considered when buying a printer,

Cost of the printer.

Speed of the printer.

Quality of the printer.

Check weather can print logos, diagram etc…

Some printers cannot print logos, diagram etc…while some can print in lower quality so, while buying a printer we should consider whether we can print logos, diagram etc…

Printer is an important device so; I recommend laser printer type to the lion cab service which will give good quality and work faster.

02.1.6 Headset

Headset is a kind of headphone which is available with microphone on it. Headphone is an output device and microphone is an input device so, headset is a kind input/output device. Headset is used for online communication.

By using a microphone we can have many advantages such as,

Muscle strain can be reduced.

Productivity benefit can be gain.

Headsets are available with wire and without wire (wireless).

02.1.7 Router

Router is a kind of hardware that is used in computer network to join several networks together. At least a router should connect to two network, either two local area network(LAN) or wide area network(WAN) Using a router many computers can be connect to one internet connection.

Function of router,

Forwarding of data packet to correct destination IP is one of the main function of the router.

Packer filtering

Network address translation (NAT)

proxy

Type of router,

Edge router.

Subscriber edge router.

Core router.

Wired and wireless router.

02.1.8 Network switch

Network switch is a hardware that link more computers together in one local area network. When a data packet is sent by a computer to another computer, first source IP is made by the computer and send to network switch then network switch read the destination point and send it to the correct destination point.so, it work more intelligently than Hub.

Type of switching,

Circuit switching

packet switching

02.2 Software

Software is a set of program which teaches computer what to do. Software divided into two types as system software and application software.

System software manage the basic process of the computer

Example:-windows xp

Application software is used according to the need of the people to perform various task such as documents, spread sheet, databases etc…

Software

System software Application software

Microsoft windows Ms Word

Linux Ms excel

UNIX Tally 9

Dos Opera

02.2.1 Windows xp

Microsoft windows xp is an operating system which was released in October 25th of 2001. There are two version of windows xp as home edition and professional edition. Windows xp was an upgrade to the windows operating system from Windows 95.

The word xp in windows xp stands for experience. So, windows xp also can be called as windows experience as well. Windows xp home edition was mostly planned for home and small office use. Windows xp professional was planned to use in large sector business companies.

Minimum requirement to use windows xp software,

Processor 233 MHz

Memory 64 MB of Ram

Hard disk space 1.5 GB

Windows xp construct from windows 2000 kernel. Windows xp is well known for it’s trustworthy.

Windows xp is very easy to use than other previous version of Microsoft operating system.

02.2.2 Antivirus

Virus is a kind of computer attacker which can damage the computer. Virus is mostly spread by mail, download of certain document etc… from internet. Virus spread very quickly.

Names of some virus which made a great damaged,

Melissa virus

love letter virus

slammer worm

Antivirus is software which is installed to the computer to protect the computer from unwanted virus which damaged the computer and make the computer slow, delete some important files in the computer etc…

Some of antivirus software’s available,

AVG

Kaspersky

Avast

Avira

MacAfee

Basic function of antivirus,

Protection

clean up

alert

update

An antivirus software is mostly important for companies, office etc…because if a virus enter into computer it will damaged the computer, delete some important files which will make big difficulties, etc… to the organization.

By using an antivirus software it help to keep a computer safe as much as possible.

02.2.3 Web browser

Web browser is software which help user to get interacts with World Wide Web (WWW).

Web browser which read HTML and to write it to be seen and to heard is one its main function.

Uses of web browser,

view web pages

view video

View pictures

New web browser show only HTML, java scripted… programmed pages.

For an example if need to view www.icbt.lk

We should type www.icbt.lk in web address. Then the browser looks at the web address at two ways. First it sees the protocol and after identifying it looks at icbt.lk

Some web browser available,

Microsoft internet explorer

Mozilla fire fox

Google chrome

Opera web browser

Netscape

02.2.4 Microsoft office

Microsoft office software was a collection of programme such as Microsoft word, Microsoft power point, Microsoft access, Microsoft excels, Microsoft outlook which are useful for students, small business organization and well as for co-operation to do their work easily.

Microsoft office software was one of the popular software for creating databases, spread sheet, presentation etc…

Microsoft word

Microsoft word also known as word processing package. Microsoft word is used in many organizations and in home to create documents.

Microsoft PowerPoint

Ms PowerPoint released in 1990.

Microsoft PowerPoint is used in many business organizations, education sectors to create slide show using text, graphic etc… to present it in meeting, conference etc…

Microsoft Access

Microsoft access used to create databases. Microsoft access is also called as database management system. Microsoft access is used in many organizations to store information.

Microsoft excel

Microsoft excel is used to create spread sheet. Using Microsoft Excel we can calculate the sum, make graph etc…

02.2.5 Tally 9

Tally 9 was an accounting software which as many benefit for small business. Tally software is very easy to use.by using tally 9 we can have a complete book keeping, ledger account, bank reconciliation statement etc…no need to have a paper work because tally save every data.one accountant cannot keep the record of more than one company using books but by using tally we can have record of about twenty company .

TASK 03

Compare and Contrast of two computer System For lion cab service.

In this task 03 I have compare and Contrast two best computers recently in the world.

Table 3.1 Specification of two computer system

Type

Desktop

All in one

Brand

Acer

Apple

Model

Processor Model

Aspire X3990

Intel core i3-2120

i-mac MC309

Intel core i5-2400

Processor manufacture

Intel

Intel

Processor speed

3.3Ghz

2.5Ghz

Memory type

DDR 3 SD RAM

DDR 3

Memory speed

Up to 8GB

4GB

Hard disk size

ATA hard disk up to 2 TB

500 GB

VGA

AMD Radeon HD 6450 graphic processor with 512 MB

AMD Radeon HD 6750graphic processor with

512 MB GDDR5

Audio/sound

High definition audio support

Built in stereo Speakers

Display

23 inch

21.5 inch

Basic o/s

Genuine windows 7

Windows Xp

Windows vista

Mac OS X v10.7 Lion

Keyboard

Acer USB keyboard

Apple wireless keyboard

Mouse

Acer USB mouse

Apple wireless mouse

Optical device

DVD Rom

DVD Ram

Chipset

Intel H61 Express chipset

Software

Acer accessory store

Acer E-recovery manage

Flash player

Adobe reader

iPhoto

iMovie

iWeb

Warranty

One year on-site

One year warranty

Approximate price

100,000

150,000

The computer which I have recommend to the lion cab service is Acer aspire X3990.Because even though both the computer has similar properties. Acer aspire X3990 has some properties which is Best for lion cab service.

Why I choose Acer aspire X3990 is,

Hard disk capacity is higher than Apple i-mac.

Price is lower or better than Apple i-mac.

one year on-site warranty

Speed of the processor is higher than apple i-mac.

More similar operating system than apple I-mac.