What Does A Digital Camera Do Information Technology Essay
Digital cameras can do things film cameras cannot: displaying images on a screen immediately after they are recorded, storing thousands of images on a single small memory device, recording video with sound, and deleting images to free storage space. Some can crop pictures and perform other elementary image editing. The optical system works the same as in film cameras, typically using a lens with a variable diaphragm to focus light onto an image pickup device. The diaphragm and shutter admit the correct amount of light to the imager, just as with film but the image pickup device is electronic rather than chemical.
Digital cameras are incorporated into many devices ranging from PDAs and mobile phones (called camera phones) to vehicles. The Hubble Space Telescope and other astronomical devices are essentially specialized digital cameras.
What does a digital camera do?
A digital camera takes photos electronically and converts then into digital data (binary codes made up of 1s and 0s) it doesn’t use the film found in a traditional camera instead it has a special light sensitive silicon chip.
Photographs are stored in the cameras memory card before being sent to the computer. Some cameras can also be connected to a printer or a TV set to make viewing image easier this is usually the case whit camera phones; mobile phones built in camera.
Types of digital cameras
Digital cameras are made in a wide range of sizes, prices and capabilities. The majority are camera phones, operated as a mobile application through the cellphone menu. Professional photographers and many amateurs use larger, more expensive digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLR) for their greater versatility. Between these extremes lie digital compact cameras and bridge digital cameras that “bridge” the gap between amateur and professional cameras. Specialized cameras including multispectral imaging equipment and astrographs continue to serve the scientific, military, medical and other special purposes for which digital photography was invented.
Compact camera
Are designed to be tiny and portable and are particularly suitable for casual and “snapshot” use, thus are also called point-and-shoot cameras. The smallest, generally less than 20Â mm thick, are described as subcompacts or “ultra-compacts” and some are nearly credit card size.
Bridge Camera
Are higher-end digital cameras that physically and ergonomically resemble DSLRs and share with them some advanced features, but share with compacts the use of a fixed lens and a small sensor. Like compacts, most use live preview to frame the image. Their autofocus uses the same contrast-detect mechanism, but many bridge cameras have a manual focus mode, in some cases using a separate focus ring, for greater control.
Digital Camera Related terms
Resolution
Term that refers to the quality of the image that a digital camera is able to obtain. This depends on the number of pixels included. Specifically, the resolution is obtained by multiplying the number of horizontal pixels by the vertical. The optical resolution can be real resolution, according to the number of photodiodes available in or interpolated image sensor adds more pixels to the image to make larger.
Pixel
Color point, all of which constitutes an image. The image resolution of a digital camera is determined by number of pixels: 640 x 840 or 1280 x 960, for example. The more pixels there are, the higher the image resolution and therefore also have a better quality.
Autofocus
Is an operator of a camera or other optical device that allows the focus of a motive.
There are two types of AF: passive, which uses light reflected from the ground, and active, that can operate in total darkness.
Optical Zoom
The camera uses a multifocal lens to magnify the image. Thus, by varying the focal distance, we can approach or move away from the subject framed. The optical zoom is different from digital zoom, which magnifies the selected portion of the digital image by interpolation.
Digital Zoom
Digital zoom simply crops the center of an image and displays magnified by interpolation system, which affects a loss of original resolution. Optical Zoom camera uses a multifocal lens to magnify the image.
Panoramic view
A panoramic image is showing a picture, usually scenic or architectural, and is distinguished by the wide visual horizon covered.
Smile shooter
Smile Shutter is responsible for (through facial detector) to detect faces of those to whom we will photograph and start shooting the camera just when to smile, without pressing the shutter.
Even in situations with several models to photograph, allows us choice of a particular person or the detection of the first smile group.
Scanner
In computing, an image scanner is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting, or an object, and converts it to a digital image. Common examples found in offices are variations of the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed on a glass window for scanning. Hand-held scanners, where the device is moved by hand, have evolved from text scanning “wands” to 3D scanners used for industrial design, reverse engineering, test and measurement, orthotics, gaming and other applications. Mechanically driven scanners that move the document are typically used for large-format documents, where a flatbed design would be impractical.
Modern scanners typically use a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a Contact Image Sensor (CIS) as the image sensor, whereas older drum scanners use a photomultiplier tube as the image sensor. A rotary scanner, used for high-speed document scanning, is another type of drum scanner, using a CCD array instead of a photomultiplier. Other types of scanners are planetary scanners, which take photographs of books and documents, and 3D scanners, for producing three-dimensional models of objects.
Another category of scanner is digital camera scanners, which are based on the concept of reprographic cameras. Due to increasing resolution and new features such as anti-shake, digital cameras have become an attractive alternative to regular scanners. While still having disadvantages compared to traditional scanners (such as distortion, reflections, shadows, low contrast), digital cameras offer advantages such as speed, portability and gentle digitizing of thick documents without damaging the book spine. New scanning technologies are combining 3D scanners with digital cameras to create full-color, photo-realistic 3D models of objects.
What does a scanner works?
Scanners see images and convert the printed text or pictures into electronic codes that can be understood by the computer. With a flatbed colour scanner the paper with the image is placed face down on a glass screen as with a photocopier. Beneath the glass are the lighting and measurement devices. Once the scanner is activated, it reads the image as a series of dots and then generates the digitized image that is sent to the computer and stored as a file
The scanner operates by using three rotating lamps each of which has a Different colored filter: red, green and blue. The resulting three separate images are combined into one by appropriate software.
Video camera or recording camera
Is a camera used for electronic motion picture acquisition, initially developed by the television industry but now common in other applications as well. The earliest video cameras were those of John Logie Baird, based on the electromechanical Nipkow disk and used by the BBC in experimental broadcasts through the 1930s. All-electronic designs based on the cathode ray tube, such as Vladimir Zworykin’s Iconoscope and Philo T. Farnsworth’s Image dissector, supplanted the Baird system by the 1940s and remained in wide use until the 1980s, when cameras based on solid-state image sensors such as CCDs (and later CMOS active pixel sensors) eliminated common problems with tube technologies such as burn-in and made digital video workflow practical.
Video cameras are used primarily in two modes. The first, characteristic of much early television, is what might be called a live broadcast, where the camera feeds real time images directly to a screen for immediate observation. A few cameras still serve live television production, but most live connections are for security, military/tactical, and industrial operations where surreptitious or remote viewing is required. The second is to have the images recorded to a storage device for archiving or further processing; for many years, videotape was the primary format used for this purpose, but optical disc media, hard disk, and flash memory are all increasingly used. Recorded video is used in television and film production and more often surveillance and monitoring tasks where unattended recording of a situation is required for later analysis.
What does a camcorder works?
A camcorder or digital video camera records moving pictures and converts them into digital data that can be stored and edited by a computer with especial video editing software
Digital video cameras are used by home users to create their own movies or by professionals in computer art and video conferencing
They are also used to send live video images via the internet. In this case they are called web cameras, or webcam
Desktop digital camera scanner
One printer manufacturer has introduced all-in-one printer which is provided with a desktop digital camera scanner that has 10 megapixel image sensors. For scanning a business card or a full 8.5×11 inch image, it takes not more than 3 seconds including the processing time.[2]
Smartphone scanner apps
Cameras in smartphones have reached a resolution and quality that reasonable quality scans can be achieved by taking a photo with the phone and using a scanning app for post-processing (such as whitening the background of a page, correcting perspective distortion so that a document is output as a correct rectangle, conversion to black-and-white, etc.)
Most smartphone platforms now have a range of scanner apps available (the largest range being for Apple iPhone). These apps can typically scan multiple page documents through the use of multiple camera exposures, and output them to a PDF document or as separate JPEG images. Some smartphone scanning apps can also save documents directly to online storage locations such as Dropbox, Evernote, send via email or fax documents via email-to-fax gateways
Bibliographic
Cambridge University Press (2008)InfoTech English for computer users unit 6: capture your favorite image
COMPTIA (2010) IT essential a+ student’s guide v1 Chapter 4: scanner and cameras
José MarÃa MartÃnez-Val Peñalosa (1997) General Tecnology Glosary
Julia Hatesthad (2009) www.monografia.com Capturing image
www.Wikipedia.com/Camera Recorder
www.digitalcamguide.com/Glossary
Introduction
From the beginning of time man has tried to record images to perpetuate their memories forever. Today in the 21st century this dream can be possible in various ways. The following essay is a small compilation on all these devices that allow us digitalizing images waiting that it is comprehensible and allows us to extend our knowledge about the topic at the same  and disaggregated terms clear and precise definitions that will allow you to better understand the subject .
Conclusion
After having made such elaborate project on a topic as important as discussed above I hope that is served as instructional and teaching method to improve our knowledge and now every time we hear something about cameras and scanners can assimilate fully and better orient toward the technological age in which we live day by day.